Cochlear Implant Process: Step-by-Step
- Preoperative Assessment
You will first undergo a comprehensive evaluation at a cochlear implant centre. This involves hearing tests, medical imaging, and consultations with a multidisciplinary team, including ENT surgeons, audiologists, and speech therapists. The team will assess your suitability for the implant and discuss your expectations and goals.
- Surgery
The surgery is typically performed under general anesthesia and takes about two to three hours. A small incision is made behind the ear, and the surgeon accesses the cochlea by creating an opening in the mastoid bone. The electrode array is gently inserted into the cochlea, and the internal receiver-stimulator is placed under the skin behind the ear. The incision is then closed with stitches or surgical glue.
Most patients can return home the same day or after a short hospital stay for observation.
- Immediate Postoperative Care
After surgery, your head will be wrapped in a bandage to protect the incision site. You may experience mild discomfort, swelling, or dizziness, which usually resolves within a week. Pain is generally minimal and can be managed with over-the-counter medication.
You will be given instructions on wound care, activity restrictions (such as avoiding heavy lifting and keeping the area dry), and signs of infection to watch for.
- Recovery and Healing
The initial healing period lasts about two to four weeks. During this time, the incision site heals, and swelling subsides. Most people can resume light activities within a few days, but it is advisable to allow at least a week before returning to work or normal routines.
Your surgeon will advise when it is safe to shower, wash your hair, and gradually increase physical activity.
- Activation of the Implant
The external sound processor is not activated immediately after surgery. Activation typically occurs three to four weeks post-surgery, once the incision has healed. At this appointment, the audiologist will fit and program the external device to your specific needs.
The initial activation is often at a low volume to allow you to adjust gradually to new sounds.
- Rehabilitation and Follow-Up
Adjusting to a cochlear implant is a process that involves ongoing rehabilitation. You will have several follow-up appointments for device programming (mapping), hearing tests, and auditory training. These are essential for optimizing your hearing and adapting to the new way of perceiving sounds.
Most patients require regular visits in the first year, with the frequency decreasing over time as you become accustomed to the implant.
