Laryngectomy Surgery: What to Expect
A laryngectomy is a surgical procedure to remove all or part of the larynx (voice box), most commonly performed to treat advanced laryngeal cancer. The operation typically lasts 4 to 6 hours and is performed under general anesthesia.
Immediate Postoperative Period
Hospital Stay: Most patients spend the first 1–2 days in an intensive care or high-dependency unit, followed by a total hospital stay of 7–10 days, depending on individual recovery.
Breathing: After surgery, you will breathe through a stoma—a permanent opening in your neck. A tracheostomy tube may be placed temporarily to keep the airway open.
Nutrition: Initially, you will not be able to eat or drink by mouth. Nutrition is provided through a feeding tube (either nasogastric or directly into the stomach) for 1–3 weeks to allow your throat to heal.
Pain and Swelling: Neck discomfort, swelling, and numbness are common but well managed with medications. These symptoms generally improve over several weeks.
Recovery and Rehabilitation
Wound and Stoma Care: You will learn how to care for your stoma and incision site to prevent infection. Proper cleaning and humidification are important to keep the airway clear and comfortable.
Speech and Communication: With the removal of the voice box, you will need to learn new ways to communicate. Speech-language therapists will work with you to use alternative methods such as an electrolarynx, esophageal speech, or a voice prosthesis.
Physical Activity: Gentle movement and leg exercises are encouraged early to prevent blood clots and support overall recovery. Strenuous activity and heavy lifting should be avoided for about 6 weeks.
Emotional Support: Adjusting to life after laryngectomy can be emotionally challenging. Support from loved ones, counselors, or patient groups is highly recommended.
Timeline for Recovery
Wound Healing: Most wounds heal within 2–3 weeks. Full recovery, including adaptation to new ways of breathing and speaking, can take about a month, though some aspects (such as speech rehabilitation) may require ongoing practice and support.
Return to Routine: Many people are able to resume normal activities, including work, within 6–8 weeks, although this varies depending on individual health and whether additional treatments (like radiation or chemotherapy) are needed.
Long-Term Outlook
Quality of Life: Many patients enjoy a good quality of life after laryngectomy, adapting well to new methods of communication and daily routines.
Follow-Up Care: Regular follow-up visits are essential to monitor healing, manage any complications, and check for cancer recurrence if the surgery was for cancer treatment.
