Endoscopic sinus surgery is generally safe, but like any procedure it carries possible risks. The main ones include:
- Bleeding, which can be minor or sometimes severe enough to require transfusion or another procedure.
- Infection, including sinus infection or, rarely, spread to nearby areas.
- Damage to nearby structures: a skull base leak of cerebrospinal fluid, eye/orbit injury causing swelling, double vision or visual loss, and nasal or sinus scarring or adhesions.
- Anesthesia risks and temporary or permanent changes in smell or taste, or numbness of the upper teeth or lip.
In Congo, the exact risk depends heavily on the specific hospital’s equipment, sterility, available blood products, and ability to manage complications quickly. If access to emergency care is limited, even routine complications may become serious, so choose a facility with experience and ask what backup is available before surgery.
After surgery, seek immediate care if you have:
- Heavy or persistent bleeding that does not slow with head elevation and pressure as instructed.
- Clear watery fluid dripping from the nose, especially worse when leaning forward, which may suggest a cerebrospinal fluid leak.
- Sudden vision changes, eye pain, swelling or bruising around the eye, or double vision.
- High fever, stiff neck, severe headache, confusion, or light sensitivity.
- Shortness of breath or chest pain.
- Worsening pain not relieved by prescribed medication.
This information is for general guidance only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice — please consult your doctor for anything specific to your health.
