Founded in 1921 by the Rockefeller Foundation, PUMCH is a Class A tertiary comprehensive hospital that integrates medical treatment, teaching, and scientific research. It is designated by the National Health Commission as a national center for the diagnosis and treatment of complex and severe disorders. The hospital is renowned for its full range of disciplines, cutting-edge technologies, and outstanding specialties. Over the past century, PUMCH has cultivated many medical pioneers and masters in modern China. The hospital operates four campuses with a total construction area of 620,000 square meters.

PUMCH is known for its excellence in various medical fields, including but not limited to:

• Internal Medicine
• Surgery
• Pediatrics
• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Neurology
• Cardiology
• Oncology
• Endocrinology
• Urology
• Dermatology
• Ophthalmology
• Traditional Chinese Medicine

PUMCH maintains high standards of medical quality and safety. It has received numerous accolades, including recognition as a “National Civilized Unit,” an “Advanced Institution in the National Health System,” and a “National Pioneer Advanced Grass-root Party Organization.” The hospital is committed to fulfilling its social responsibility by providing medical services to underdeveloped and remote areas, responding to emergencies, and supporting major national events​.

The vision of PUMCH is to be a world-class hospital with Chinese characteristics, committed to providing high-quality, patient-centered healthcare. Its mission includes the advancement of medical science through rigorous research and education, the provision of comprehensive and compassionate care, and the promotion of public health. The hospital's motto emphasizes the values of "precision, ever-improving, diligence, and devotion," reflecting its dedication to excellence in all aspects of its operations.

PUMCH has been consistently ranked as the top hospital in China by the Hospital Management Institute of Fudan University. It has received numerous awards for its contributions to medical science and healthcare, including “National Civilized Unit,” “Advanced Institution in the National Health System,” and “National Advanced Model Unit for Promoting Unity and Progress of Ethnic Groups.” These accolades reflect the hospital's commitment to excellence in patient care, research, and education​.