An **Autotransfusion cell saver system** is a hospital medical device designed to collect a patient’s shed blood during surgery or trauma care, process it (typically by filtering and washing), and then return concentrated red blood cells (RBCs) back to the same patient. In many operating rooms (ORs), it sits alongside anesthesia and surgical workflows as part of **patient blood management**—a coordinated approach to reduce avoidable blood loss and optimize transfusion decisions.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a form of **extracorporeal life support (ECLS)** in which blood is circulated outside the body through a **membrane oxygenator** that adds oxygen and removes carbon dioxide, then returned to the patient. An **Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ECMO system** is the integrated medical device (console, pump, oxygenator interface, sensors, alarms, and accessories) used to deliver that support safely in critical care environments.

A Retinoscope is a handheld optical medical device used to perform **retinoscopy**—an objective method of estimating refractive error (for example, myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism) by observing how light reflects from the patient’s retina. Unlike tests that depend heavily on patient responses, retinoscopy can be performed even when communication is limited, which is why this clinical device remains widely used in eye clinics, pediatric services, and training programs.

Prism bar set is a small, non-powered ophthalmic medical device used to quantify ocular misalignment (for example, strabismus) by neutralizing eye movements during standard bedside and clinic examinations. It matters because accurate measurement of deviation helps clinicians document baseline findings, track changes over time, and communicate consistently across teams—especially in pediatrics, neuro-ophthalmology, emergency referrals, and pre-/post-operative assessments.